凤凰镇鳳凰鎮

Fènghuáng Zhèn

Fenghuang

sourced

idfenghuang

fenghuang

Mountain town north of Chaozhou and the heart of Phoenix Dancong oolong. Its named single-bush trees, grouped by aroma, grow from about 365 m to 1,200 m.

Level: Area
town (镇)
Within: Guangdong › Chaozhou › Chao'an

At a glance#

Garden elevation

365–1,200 m

潮州市茶产业促进会, 潮州市潮州工夫茶文化研究会, 潮州市潮安区茶叶协会, 饶平县茶叶行业协会 (hosted on chaozhou.gov.cn)

Rainfall

1,800 mm a year

潮州市市场监督管理局 (hosted on chaozhou.gov.cn)

Mean temperature

19 °C

潮州市市场监督管理局 (hosted on chaozhou.gov.cn)

Output

5,000 t a year (2022)

澎湃新闻 / 南方农村报

Location

23.906 °N116.698 °E

Wikipedia

Rainfall · Mean temperature: inference: midpoints of the GI-area ranges (annual rain 1,400–2,200 mm; annual mean 16–22 °C). GI standard also gives ~80% mean relative humidity, ~350 frost-free days and 1,400–2,100 h of sunshine. Values apply to the whole GI area, not Fenghuang alone.
Output: Fenghuang town only: '10 million jin and more' per year (≈5,000 t), from about 70,000 mu; annual output value over 1 billion yuan, exports 77 million yuan. The kg figure is a floor.

Altitude#

Garden elevations here and in neighbouring places, as sourced.

Picking calendar#

春茶

Until May 15

The GI standard requires spring picking to finish by mid-May. The core season runs between Qingming (~5 April) and Guyu (~20 April); the Da'an Song-variety tree was opened on 16 April in 2022. Plucking is one shoot with 2–4 leaves at 'small to medium open-face' (小开面–中开面). Spring tea is the reference grade: top grades in the grading standard are spring tea from core-area old bushes.

潮州市市场监督管理局 (hosted on chaozhou.gov.cn)

夏暑茶

Summer ('heat') tea. The grading standard places it, with tea from outside the main areas, in the lowest grade.

潮州市茶产业促进会, 潮州市潮州工夫茶文化研究会, 潮州市潮安区茶叶协会, 饶平县茶叶行业协会 (hosted on chaozhou.gov.cn)

秋茶

From Sep 15

The GI standard sets autumn and winter picking from mid-September. Autumn leaf is picked at 'small open-face'.

潮州市市场监督管理局 (hosted on chaozhou.gov.cn)

雪片 / 雪茶

The last flush of the year, called 'xue pian' (snowflake) tea. The grading standard ranks main-area 秋雪茶 (autumn and snow-flush tea) at second grade. A commonly repeated timing near Shuangjiang (~23 October) was not confirmed in a source I could open.

潮州市茶产业促进会, 潮州市潮州工夫茶文化研究会, 潮州市潮安区茶叶协会, 饶平县茶叶行业协会 (hosted on chaozhou.gov.cn)

Terroir#

Rock: Parent rocks named in the GI standard: granite, sandy shale, gneiss and sandstone.
Soil: Medium to heavy loam, deep, organic matter ≥2%, topsoil pH 4.0–6.5 (GI standard); described locally as acidic red soil.
Slope and light: The GI area spans 116°22′–117°11′E and 23°26′–24°14′N, in hilly terrain at ≥100 m. Old named bushes are concentrated far higher, on Wudong and in the Fengxi, Fengxi-Da'an, Fengbei, Shigu-ping and Erya villages (about 365–1,200 m in the grading standard's named-bush list). Above about 600 m the climate is described as mild and montane.

潮州市市场监督管理局 (hosted on chaozhou.gov.cn)

Cultivation#

Cultivars grown: Fenghuang Shuixian
Landraces: Fenghuang Shuixian population; thousands of individually named single bushes (单丛) selected from it, propagated as clones by cutting or grafting and named for aroma, owner or tree shape (e.g. 宋种, 八仙, 鸭屎香/银花香).
Plant age: The town counts 4,682 single-bush trees over 200 years old (2022). The oldest named trees are attributed to the late Song; see Wudong.
Practice: The GI standard specifies 'Huacha 17' (华茶17号, GSCT 17) clonal cuttings, planting density ≤31,500 plants/ha, first picking at three years or older, and organic-led fertilising (≤15 kg pure N/year). Gardens may be left unpruned (tall bushes) or pruned as hedges.

潮州市市场监督管理局 (hosted on chaozhou.gov.cn)

Local words#

单丛 dancong 乌龙茶 / 青茶 oolong 乌龙茶 oolong 工夫茶 gongfu brewing 晒青 sun-withering 晾青 resting 做青 zuoqing 摇青 shaking 杀青 kill-green 揉捻 rolling 精制 refining 拣剔 sorting 焙火 roast 母树 mother bush 单株 single-tree 春茶 spring harvest

Local words	Dialect
丛	Teochew	Measure word for a tea bush (= 棵); hence 单丛, 'single bush'. Wikipedia
浪菜	Teochew	Local name for the bruising and resting stage of oolong making (做青). 潮州市市场监督管理局 (hosted on chaozhou.gov.cn)
炒茶	Teochew	Local name for the fixing (杀青) step in Dancong making. 潮州市市场监督管理局 (hosted on chaozhou.gov.cn)
鸭屎香 aap3 si2 hoeng1 (Jyutping)	Cantonese	'duck-shit aroma', a Dancong line; Cantonese reading as used in the Guangzhou drinks trade Wiktionary

Market#

Trading towns: Fenghuang (凤凰镇)
Output: Fenghuang town only: '10 million jin and more' per year (≈5,000 t), from about 70,000 mu; annual output value over 1 billion yuan, exports 77 million yuan. The kg figure is a floor.
Prices of teas claiming this origin: Prices span orders of magnitude. In spring 2022, the crop of the single Da'an Song-variety tree (about 14–15 jin of maocha) was bought before Qingming for roughly 500,000–600,000 yuan, as reported. Ordinary bush tea sells for a small fraction of that.

Misnaming to watch for: 'Wudong' is used loosely for any high-mountain Fenghuang tea. Ages of Song-variety trees are routinely inflated (sources disagree: 600+ vs 700+ years). The aroma name is not a guarantee of a particular clone. 鸭屎香 was formally renamed 银花香 (honeysuckle aroma) in 2014 but is still sold under the old name, and much 'Ya Shi Xiang' in drinks chains is generic, lower-elevation material. 单枞 is a non-standard spelling of 单丛.

澎湃新闻 / 南方农村报

History#

1898Ba Xian (八仙) propagated from the 大乌叶 mother tree; eight plants survive (named 八仙过海 in 1958).
潮州市茶产业促进会, 潮州市潮州工夫茶文化研究会, 潮州市潮安区茶叶协会, 饶平县茶叶行业协会 (hosted on chaozhou.gov.cn)
1963Peak recorded crop of the Wudong Song-variety tree (宋茶 / 东方红): 8.9 kg of dry spring tea.
潮州市茶产业促进会, 潮州市潮州工夫茶文化研究会, 潮州市潮安区茶叶协会, 饶平县茶叶行业协会 (hosted on chaozhou.gov.cn)
2004-08Chaozhou government rules that 丛 must be used in packaging and sales and that 单枞 is an error.
Wikipedia
2008Chinese Tea Society names the Fenghuang tea area a 'China Famous Tea Hometown'.
Wikipedia
2010Fenghuang Dancong (枞) tea receives national GI protection (AQSIQ 2010 No. 30).
潮州市市场监督管理局 (hosted on chaozhou.gov.cn)
2013Chaozhou Dancong tea making (乌龙茶制作技艺（潮州单丛茶制作技艺）, Ⅷ-74) listed as Guangdong provincial intangible heritage.
Wikipedia
2014-05鸭屎香 renamed 银花香 after tastings by Dancong expert 黄柏梓 and growers from Pingkengtou village.
搜狐号茶醉
2014-06广东潮安凤凰单丛茶文化系统 named a China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage System (second batch).
农业部 (now 农业农村部)
2018Guangzhou drinks shop 丘大叔 launches a 鸭屎香 lemon tea that becomes a hit; Nayuki and others follow, making the name nationally known.
Wikipedia
2021-11-11Group standard T/CZTTBZ 001—2021 sets five quality grades (精品, 特级, 一级–三级) tied to area, bush and season.
潮州市茶产业促进会, 潮州市潮州工夫茶文化研究会, 潮州市潮安区茶叶协会, 饶平县茶叶行业协会 (hosted on chaozhou.gov.cn)

Other names and written forms 5#

Chinese variants

凤凰山Fèng huáng shān(Fenghuang Shan)
凤凰乡Fèng huáng xiāngFenghuang — township

Translations and trade names

Phoenix Town
Phoenix Mountain
Feng HuangCommon spelling in vendor listings.

Names and ambiguities#

How many aroma types?

The GI standard (DB4451/T 1—2021) gives ten example aroma names including 茉莉香. A 2017 trade list has 柚花香 instead of 茉莉香. The grading standard's appendix (after 邱陶瑞 2009) groups named bushes under 15 headings. A 2022 report says more than 80 aroma types exist. Treat 'ten aromas' as a convention.

1 2 5 9

单丛 vs 单枞

A 2004 municipal ruling made 丛 standard and called 枞 an error, yet the GI itself is registered as 凤凰单丛（枞）茶, and 枞 is everywhere in trade.

1 6

Origin of 鸭屎香 / 银花香

The mother bush is said to stand at about 900 m in Pingkengtou (坪坑头), Fengxi. Wikipedia (zh) also says the line was carried there in the 1920s from Liziping on Wudong. Two explanations are given for the name: duck-dung-coloured yellow soil, and a farmer's ploy to stop theft. A third version compares the shape of the finished leaf to duck droppings.

8 10 11

Notes#

Fenghuang Dancong (凤凰单丛) is a strip-style oolong. The GI standard defines it as tea from lines selected or bred out of the Fenghuang Shuixian population, made by traditional methods inside the GI area. It must show natural floral or fruit aromas and a 'bush' (丛韵) and honey (蜜韵) character. Finished teas are named by aroma type. The GI standard gives ten examples: 黄栀香 (gardenia), 芝兰香 (orchid), 玉兰香 (magnolia), 蜜兰香 (honey orchid), 杏仁香 (almond), 姜花香 (ginger flower), 肉桂香 (cinnamon), 桂花香 (osmanthus), 夜来香 (tuberose / night-blooming) and 茉莉香 (jasmine). This 'ten aromas' list is a convention, not a closed set.

A 2017 trade list replaces jasmine with 柚花香 (pomelo blossom). The grading standard's named-bush appendix also has 橙花, 杨梅, 附子 and 黄茶香 groups. A 2022 report speaks of more than 80 aroma names. The town has about 70,000 mu of tea and makes over 10 million jin (over 5,000 t) a year, according to a 2022 report. The same report counts 4,682 single-bush trees over 200 years old. Wudong village and the Da'an tea garden together form a protected ancient-tree zone of about 10,000 mu.

Processing follows the GI sequence: sun-withering (晒青), cooling (凉青), the local 'langcai' (浪菜) bruising and resting cycle (做青, at least four rounds), pan-firing (炒茶), rolling, and two or more bakings. The cultivar for new planting is Fenghuang Shuixian 'Huacha 17' (GSCT 17), propagated by cuttings. The writing 单丛 is standard. A 2004 Chaozhou government ruling treats 单枞 as an error, though 枞 persists in trade and in the GI's own name '凤凰单丛（枞）茶'. In 2008 the Chinese Tea Society named Fenghuang a 'China Famous Tea Hometown'.

Prices of teas claiming this origin#

China retail International retail

Show as table

Product	Vendor	Channel	per 100 g
Duck Shit Oolong, Ya Shi Xiang Dan Cong Tea	Teasenz EU	International retail	$19.15
Bai Ye Dancong Oolong	Purple Cloud Tea House	International retail	$19.80
Xue Da Wu Ye Dancong Oolong	Purple Cloud Tea House	International retail	$24.00
Spring Ya Shi Xiang Dancong Oolong Gift Pack	Purple Cloud Tea House	International retail	$26.00
Spring Ya Shi Xiang Dancong	Purple Cloud Tea House	International retail	$27.60
Ya Shi Xiang Dancong	Purple Cloud Tea House	International retail	$27.60
You Hua Xiang Dancong Oolong	Purple Cloud Tea House	International retail	$28.80
Ba Xian Dancong Oolong	Purple Cloud Tea House	International retail	$31.20
Classical Duck Shit Dan Cong Oolong Tea	Yunnan Sourcing	International retail	$32.00
Honey Orchid Mi Lan Xiang Dan Cong Oolong Tea	Yunnan Sourcing	International retail	$36.00
Honey Orchid Fragrance Dancong	One River Tea	China retail	$36.00
Wudongcun Village Ao Fu Hou Dancong Oolong	Tai Yang Teas	International retail	$36.00
Middle Mountain Wild Huang Zhi Xiang Dan Cong Oolong Tea	Yunnan Sourcing	International retail	$38.00
Zhi Lan Xiang Dan Cong Oolong Tea	Yunnan Sourcing	International retail	$38.00
Danhu High Mountain Old Bush Ao Fu Hou	ESGREEN	International retail	$43.00
Huang Zhi Xiang	Jing Tea Shop	International retail	$43.20
Dan Cong Oolong - Duck Poo	Beautiful Taiwan Tea Company	International retail	$43.99
Huang Zhi Xiang Dancong Oolong	The Steeping Room	International retail	$44.16
Feng Huang Dan Cong	Hung Fat Tea Co.	International retail	$44.85
Dan Cong Oolong - Mi Lan Xiang	Beautiful Taiwan Tea Company	International retail	$46.65
Ta Ku Hou Oolong Tea	Adhara Tea & Botanicals	International retail	$50.00
Make It Rain Spring Aofuhou Dancong Oolong	Bitterleaf Teas	International retail	$50.00
Song Zhong	Wuyi Origin	International retail	$52.80
Nanjiang Xiang Dancong Oolong	Purple Cloud Tea House	International retail	$54.40
Xing Ren Xiang Phoenix Dancong Oolong	Purple Cloud Tea House	International retail	$58.00
Honey Orchid Mi Lan Xiang Dan Cong Oolong Tea	Path of Cha	International retail	$60.00
Duck Shit Ya Shi Xiang Dan Cong Oolong Tea	Path of Cha	International retail	$60.00
Phoenix Ao Fu Hou	Rivers and Lakes Tea	International retail	$60.00
Song Zhong Dancong AA	Jing Tea Shop	International retail	$61.60
Honey Orchid Dancong	Plantation Teas	International retail	$65.74
Phoenix Dancong Shi Yan	Yoshi en	International retail	$69.81
Honey Orchid Dan Cong Oolong	Treasure Green Tea Company	International retail	$72.59
Ta Ku Hou Village High Mountain Dan Cong Oolong Tea	Yunnan Sourcing	International retail	$74.00
Phoenix Dancong Duck Sh!t Scent	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$75.94
Phoenix Dancong Honey Orchid Scent	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$75.94
Ao Fu Hou	Situyu China Tea	International retail	$80.00
Phoenix Dancong Gardenia Scent	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$83.58
Phoenix Dancong Tuberose Scent	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$83.58
Phoenix Dancong Persimmon Scent	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$83.58
Phoenix Dancong Big Dark Leaf	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$83.58
Phoenix Dancong Oolong Lao Cong Mi Lan Xiang	Yoshi en	International retail	$83.83
Phoenix Dancong Ginger Flower Scent	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$93.77
Phoenix Dancong Orchid Scent	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$93.77
Phoenix Dancong Magnolia Scent	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$93.77
Phoenix Dancong Oolong Ya Shi Xiang	Yoshi en	International retail	$95.05
Phoenix Dancong Almond Scent	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$98.87
Phoenix Dancong Eight Immortals	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$98.87
Phoenix Dancong Song Zhong	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$98.87
Lao Cong Zhi Lan Dancong	Jing Tea Shop	International retail	$121.00
Ao Fu Hou	Red Blossom Tea Company	International retail	$121.43
Phoenix Dancong Oolong Ta Ku Hou	Yoshi en	International retail	$126.73
Hidden Cave Dancong	One River Tea	China retail	$136.00
Aged Thunderwood Dan Cong	Treasure Green Tea Company	International retail	$139.49
Single Tree Ta Ku Hou Village High Mountain Dan Cong	Yunnan Sourcing	International retail	$140.00
Gu Shu Single Origin Song Zhong	Treasure Green Tea Company	International retail	$142.34
Wudong Dong Fang Hong Fenghuang Dancong	King Tea Mall	International retail	$143.96
Lao Cong Dong Fang Hong Dancong	Jing Tea Shop	International retail	$150.60
Wudong Phoenix Dancong Honey Orchid Scent	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$163.08
Century Old Bush Bai Ye	Treasure Green Tea Company	International retail	$165.11
Dong Fang Hong Dan Cong	Treasure Green Tea Company	International retail	$179.35
Phoenix Dan Cong Old Bush Ao Fu Hou Oolong Tea	Meimei Fine Teas	International retail	$189.00
Aged Song Zhong	Treasure Green Tea Company	International retail	$199.28
Phoenix Qun Ti Xiang Oolong	Treasure Green Tea Company	International retail	$202.12
Phoenix Dan Cong Ao Fu Hou	Hey China	International retail	$213.05
Lang Cai Phoenix Oolong	Treasure Green Tea Company	International retail	$227.74
Wudong Phoenix Dancong Duck Sh!t Scent	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$244.63
Wudong Phoenix Dancong Almond Scent	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$244.63
Phoenix Dan Cong Oolong Old Tree Dong Fang Hong	Meimei Fine Teas	International retail	$250.00
Lao Cong Wu Dong Duck Shit King	Treasure Green Tea Company	International retail	$257.64
Lao Shu Thunderwood Oolong	Treasure Green Tea Company	International retail	$284.68
Lao Cong High Mountain Dong Fang Hong	Treasure Green Tea Company	International retail	$287.53
Wudong Phoenix Dancong Gardenia Scent	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$305.78
Ao Fu Hou	Tea Drunk	International retail	$367.86
Wudong Phoenix Dancong Eight Immortals	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$407.71
Lao Cong Tea Tiger Dan Cong	Treasure Green Tea Company	International retail	$434.14
Wudong Phoenix Dancong Song Zhong	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$509.64
Wudong Phoenix Dancong Brothers' Tea	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$509.64
Wudong Phoenix Dancong Dong Fang Hong	The Natural Tea Co.	International retail	$611.57

Listings claiming this origin 78#

Price ranks compare recorded retail offers for the same tea, including offers outside the current delivery filter. Shipping and import charges are excluded.

Sort by Prices compared in the selected currency; unknown values appear last.

Product	Vendor	Price	Per 100 g
Duck Shit Oolong, Ya Shi Xiang Dan Cong Tea Lower quarter of 24 Ya Shi Xiang Dancong Stated year: — Claimed origin: Fenghuang Details Compare the details Recorded seller claims; a blank means unrecorded here, not necessarily absent from the seller’s page. Matching production does not establish identical storage or condition. Cultivar Ya Shi Xiang	Teasenz EU Worldwide Worldwide · EU · UK · USA Shipping policy	€11.95 / 70 g	$19.15 €17.07 / 100 g ≈ $1.53 a session
Bai Ye Dancong Oolong sold outLowest of 4 Phoenix Dancong Stated year: 2019 Claimed origin: Fenghuang Details Compare the details Recorded seller claims; a blank means unrecorded here, not necessarily absent from the seller’s page. Matching production does not establish identical storage or condition. Cultivar Bai Ye Roast medium roast Area as stated Fenghuang Mountain, about 1,000 m Tree age / type 80 years	Purple Cloud Tea House Selected destinations Shipping details Shipping policy	$19.80 / 100 g	$19.80 ≈ $1.58 a session
Xue Da Wu Ye Dancong Oolong sold outLowest of 6 Phoenix Dancong Stated year: 2019 Claimed origin: Fenghuang Details Compare the details Recorded seller claims; a blank means unrecorded here, not necessarily absent from the seller’s page. Matching production does not establish identical storage or condition. Cultivar Xue Da Wu Ye Roast light roast Area as stated Fenghuang Mountain, about 600 m	Purple Cloud Tea House Selected destinations Shipping details Shipping policy	$24.00 / 100 g	$24.00 ≈ $1.92 a session
Spring Ya Shi Xiang Dancong Oolong Gift Pack sold outLower quarter of 24 Ya Shi Xiang Dancong Stated year: 2023 Claimed origin: Wudong Shan Details Compare the details Recorded seller claims; a blank means unrecorded here, not necessarily absent from the seller’s page. Matching production does not establish identical storage or condition. Cultivar Ya Shi Xiang (Shui Xian) Area as stated Wudong Village, 800 m Tree age / type 60 years	Purple Cloud Tea House Selected destinations Shipping details Shipping policy	$65.00 / 250 g	$26.00 ≈ $2.08 a session
Spring Ya Shi Xiang Dancong sold outLower quarter of 24 Ya Shi Xiang Dancong Stated year: 2022 Claimed origin: Wudong Shan Details Compare the details Recorded seller claims; a blank means unrecorded here, not necessarily absent from the seller’s page. Matching production does not establish identical storage or condition. Cultivar Ya Shi Xiang (Shui Xian) Area as stated Wudong Village, 800 m Tree age / type 60 years	Purple Cloud Tea House Selected destinations Shipping details Shipping policy	$27.60 / 100 g	$27.60 ≈ $2.21 a session
Ya Shi Xiang Dancong sold outLower quarter of 24 Ya Shi Xiang Dancong Stated year: 2021 Claimed origin: Wudong Shan Details Compare the details Recorded seller claims; a blank means unrecorded here, not necessarily absent from the seller’s page. Matching production does not establish identical storage or condition. Cultivar Ya Shi Xiang (Shui Xian) Roast middle roasting, 2 times Area as stated Wudong Village, 800 m Tree age / type 60 years	Purple Cloud Tea House Selected destinations Shipping details Shipping policy	$69.00 / 250 g	$27.60 ≈ $2.21 a session
You Hua Xiang Dancong Oolong sold out Phoenix Dancong Stated year: 2025 Claimed origin: Wudong Shan Details Compare the details Recorded seller claims; a blank means unrecorded here, not necessarily absent from the seller’s page. Matching production does not establish identical storage or condition. Cultivar You Hua Xiang (Shui Xian) Roast roasted 3 times Area as stated Wudong Village, 600 m Tree age / type 80 years	Purple Cloud Tea House Selected destinations Shipping details Shipping policy	$36.00 / 125 g	$28.80 ≈ $2.30 a session
Ba Xian Dancong Oolong Lowest of 6 Phoenix Dancong Stated year: 2026 Claimed origin: Wudong Shan Details Compare the details Recorded seller claims; a blank means unrecorded here, not necessarily absent from the seller’s page. Matching production does not establish identical storage or condition. Cultivar Ba Xian (Shui Xian) Roast roasted 3 times Area as stated Wudong Village, 600 m Tree age / type 60 years	Purple Cloud Tea House Selected destinations Shipping details Shipping policy	$39.00 / 125 g	$31.20 ≈ $2.50 a session
Classical Duck Shit Dan Cong Oolong Tea Mid-range of 24 Ya Shi Xiang Dancong Stated year: 2026 Claimed origin: Fenghuang Details Compare the details Recorded seller claims; a blank means unrecorded here, not necessarily absent from the seller’s page. Matching production does not establish identical storage or condition. Cultivar Ya Shi Xiang Area as stated Pingkengtou area, 700 m; young plantation bushes	Yunnan Sourcing Selected destinations USA · Canada · EU · UK · Switzerland · Norway · Russia · Japan · South Korea · Hong Kong · Singapore · Malaysia · Thailand · Australia · New Zealand Shipping policy	$8.00 / 25 g	$32.00 ≈ $2.56 a session
Honey Orchid Fragrance Dancong Lowest of 17 Mi Lan Xiang Dancong Stated year: 2025 Claimed origin: Fenghuang	One River Tea Selected destinations Mainland China Shipping policy	$9.00 / 25 g	$36.00 ≈ $2.88 a session

All listings (78)

Prices recorded on the dates checked. Conversions use ECB rates dated 2026-10-20; original prices appear alongside. Origin, age and cultivar are stated by the vendor.